Nanotechnology promises to play a major role in the automotive sector, and this article highlights applications already in use and ones we can expect in the future. The automotive sector is a huge consumer of material technologies and nanomaterials are expected to improve the performance of existing technologies significantly.
Applications already in use include: paint quality; fuel cells; batteries; wear-resistant tires; lighter but stronger materials; and ultra-thin anti-glare layers for windows and mirrors. Futuristic applications of nanotechnology could include energy-harvesting bodywork, fully self-repairing paint, switchable colors, and shape-shifting skin. The basic trends that nanotechnology will enable for the automobile are: lighter but stronger materials; improved energy efficiency and fuel consumption for gasoline-powered cars; reduced environmental impact from hydrogen and fuel cell powered cars; improved and miniaturized electronic systems; and, better economies. The article explores, in depth, the nanotechnology applications that are in use or being developed for the following car parts: chassis and exterior; tires; propulsion; under the hood; interior; and, electric system and electronics.